When the pandemic broke into our lives, many sectors had to stop dry.It was the case of aviation.

The aircraft were parked in the hangars and, over time, they gradually raised the flight and, with them, the traffic was gradually recovering.

What never stopped in all this time were the technological innovations in the industry and shows this are all the proposals announced in 2021: futuristic projects, initiatives that can revolutionize aviation and others very necessary to achieve sustainability objectives.Will they end up materializing?

The sector is constantly renewal to achieve the zero emissions goal by 2050 without neglecting changes in the design of the cabins to improve the comfort of passengers.

Of the 'whales' of Airbus and Boeing to the airship of the 21st century: the largest aircraft in history

Business Insider Spain has compiled all the news announced throughout 2021 and that you may see in the near future.

Sustainable fuels and hydrogen, the big protagonists

The air sector is one of the most polluting, representing 2% total greenhouse gas emissions.Therefore, many of the new proposals for aeronautical manufacturers aim to achieve more sustainable flights.

Their efforts focus on the commercial development of sustainable fuels or on the progress of new propulsion technologies in the form of electrical and hydrogen aircraft.

These sustainable fuels are important to reach the environmental goal of zero emissions for 2050.Achieving this will involve having a combination of continuous improvements in efficiency, technological innovation never seen and measures to handle demand by airlines.

This year a group of researchers from the United States has managed to transform food waste into a paraffin that serves as a aircraft fuel and ensure that this fuel would reduce greenhouse gas emissions to 165%.The study authors estimate that, in 2023, they could start trying in Southwest Airlines aircraft.

What if mustard seeds could save the aviation of a polluting future?A study has revealed that this biofuel reduces emissions up to 68%.The investigation focuses on the cultivation of non -edible brassica carinata seeds, a variety of mustard plant whose profitability could be higher than oil.

But it is not necessary to think about the future to see the results.This year, Air France has completed the first flight between Paris and Montreal using kitchen oil as fuel and avoiding the generation of 20 tons of carbon dioxide.According to Air France calculations, using that mixture of frying oil is an overrah for passenger of about 4 euros for the journey between the French capital and the Canadian city, but they are a valuable contribution to reduce the environmental impact.

Iberia has also gone on that path, which has managed to take a step towards sustainable aviation and in November operated a flight propelled with fuel generated from the residues of the agri -food industry.The Petronor refinery was in charge of producing a 5 lot of 5 in summer.300 tons of biojet that avoids the emission of 300 tons of CO2 to the atmosphere.

Another that has taken a step forward in its struggle to dry the emissions that increase the greenhouse effect is the German NGO atmosfair, which is not only able to manufacture a neutral synthetic kerosene in CO2, but also do so in itsnewly opened manufacturing plant.

Although the great star this year has been hydrogen.According to the CEO of Universal Hydrogen, the next -generation plane has to be hydrogen if the aviation sector intends to meet the objectives of the Paris Agreement.

This Los Angeles startup wants to redesign passenger aircraft to fly hydrogen and start the tests on a 40 -seat plane next year.Moreover, the company has already signed agreements with several airlines to buy conversion kits that replace their current engines with hydrogen fuel and an electric motor.The next step?Sell this subscription fuel, following the Nespresso coffee model.

Airbus has already put the batteries and has drawn the roadmap to fly the hydrogen planes in the next 10 years.His plan contemplates a pilot project in France that could be extended to other airports in Europe.

For its part, Wright Electric is developing a 100 -seat short -range electric plane that will work with hydrogen or aluminum fuel, an even cheaper fuel.

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Heliogen and Bloom Energy have gone a step further and focus now on trying green hydrogen, that is, from renewable energy.With it you could reduce the price of hydrogen compared to natural gas and contribute to the fuel is viable for use in airplane propulsion.

The return of supersonic planes

The speed is also the main focus of many of the projects in which industry manufacturers work.Reduce flight time and beat speed records have occupied much of the headlines of this 2021.

The Boom Supersonic company wants to put in the air in 2026 to Overture, the commercial plane of Mach 2,2 that can transport between 65 and 88 passengers.A New York trip to London would last only 3 hours and 15 minutes, while Los Angeles to Sidney would be reduced to 8 and a half hours.Its long -term objective is to fly anywhere in the world in 4 hours per 100 dollars (about 81 euros) and already has buyers like United Airlines.

Pepe Nieto, CEO of Comet Engineering (R&D in aeronautics and other sectors), affirms to Business Insider Spain that supersonic airplanes already demonstrated in their day that they were extremely expensive and little sustainable."I consider it a more unreal proposal or that can be achieved longer term," says the expert.

Despite this, there are few companies that continue trying.That is the case of Venus Aerospace, a Startup by Houston would be working on a hypersonic plane Mach 12 with which you could travel between Los Angeles and Tokyo in an hour, according to the company itself.

Or from New York to London in 90 minutes, according to an American startup that is developing a hypersonic passenger plane that wants to have in the air before 2030.

Without a doubt, the return of supersonic aircraft is much closer than we think if there are so many companies that want to happen to the mythical concord.Moreover, there are already luxury proposals.

Fighting against the problem of the environmental impact of this type of aircraft, a team of researchers from the University of Florida Central has managed to stabilize a detonation as fuel, a much more sustainable type of propulsion.

But it is not necessary to break barriers to that caliber to beat speed records: Rolls-Royce claims to have made it with a fully electric plane after reaching 623 kilometers/hour, according to the company.

Technological innovations without limits

When it comes to innovating in the aviation industry, The Sky is the limit.The proposals are so varied that it seems that there is no barrier that can make these ideas are not fulfilled.

"There is a trend for a long time in aviation that does not end up fructifyair and increasing its support, achieving considerable fuel savings and reducing the carbon footprint of air transport, "says Nieto.

As explained, this solution is being implemented by the Spanish SMEs Comet Engineering and Prosix, in collaboration with Airbus Operations, within the framework of a European Space Technology Transfer Project.

For example, this aircraft with 6 wings can pass non -stop the 17.000 kilometers that separate Madrid from Australia and reduce fuel consumption by 70% thanks to its revolutionary design.

And such a long flight is no madness: another company is developing in Castilla-La Mancha Autonomous airplanes that work with solar energy and can stay months in the air.

They seem out of an action movie to the purest Hollywood style, but the ekranoPlanos, the hybrids between ships and airplanes - which do not between car and plane, which there is also - can plan on the water at 200 kilometers per hour and theidea is that they take advantage of river routes to connect the French Basque Country with northern Spain.

Although what is about combining air and water, the best example is that of the planes that mimic the skin of the sharks in their fuselages to save fuel and reduce their emissions, as Lufthansa already does.

If the sea and the sky seem little and what you would like is to fly to space, it is not necessary to travel so far to feel the drink, since you can get it at the Airbus Air Zero G.

Redesign of cabins and revolution in business trips

Sector manufacturers not only focus on the fuses or aircraft fuel.Many other companies focus their efforts on the experience of passengers offering more comfortable flights and, above all, safer and more clean than ever.

For example, the innovative design of the young Span.

It is not known how comfortable Toyota will be.

Meanwhile, this other model allows the passenger to lie during the flight without paying the additional cost of first class travel.

Although, what is what is about revolutionizing corporate aviation, so touched in these last 2 years, Celera 500L was born with the aim of designing a business plane much cheaper than current options: it will have enough space for 6passengers, a speed of 740 kilometers per hour and an autonomy of 7.250 kilometers, all for 285 euros per hour.

In short, the industry has not stopped and it seems that the last thing they will do will be to stay with crossed arms despite the coronavirus.It is only necessary to see what surprises us in 2022.